Asthma is a respiratory disorder that is characterized by the inflammation of airways. The airway become narrow and swell and may produce extra mucus. This causes difficulty in breathing, trigger coughing produce wheezing sound.

CAUSES OF ASTHMA:

• Cigarette smoking.
• Air pollution
• Exposure to cold or dry weather
• Infection such as cold, flu, sinusitis, bronchitis
• Dust mites.
• If someone in our family is suffer from asthma or allergic diseases.
• Stress
• Reflux of stomach acid
• Physical exertion

SYMPTOMS OF ASTHMA:

• Shortness of breathe
• Chest tightness or pain
• Wheezing when exhaling
• Feeling tired
• Dizziness
• Insomnia
• Feeling tired
• Increased rate of respiration.

TYPES OF ASTHMA:

1.Mild intermittent asthma : It is defined as having symptoms less than once a week and having forced expiratory volume in one second or peak expiratory  flow ≥80% predicted with <20% variability.

2. Mild persistent asthma: symptoms occur more than twice a week but less than once a day and affect activity.
3. Moderate persistent asthma: Symptoms occur daily. Flare ups occur and usually last several days.it may disrupt the daily activities and make it difficult to sleep. Night time fare ups may occur more than once a day.
4. Severe persistent asthma: It involves symptoms that persist throughout the day and night.

INVESTIGATION OF ASTHMA:

• Blood test
• CT scan
• X-ray chest.
• MRI scan.

TRIGGERING FACTOR IN ASTHMA:

1. Irritants in the air.
2. Pets

• Anger

1. Exercise or physical activity.
2. Tobacco smoking
3. Pollen

• molds
• fungus spores

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF ASTHMA:

• Chronic obstruction of pulmonary disease (COPD)
• Bronchitis
• Cystic fibrosis
• Pneumonia

AYURVEDIC APPROACH OF ASTHMA:

In ayurveda asthma is compared with tamaka swas .It is mainly caused by vata and kapha dosha. When vayu gets vitiated it starts moving in the upward direction. The abnormally moving vayu occupies and invades all the strotas . When vayu reaching in head region grips the head and neck and also provokes the kapha located in these regions. The provoked kapha with vayu causes cold and congestion .kapha is being blocked in these channels produces sound. Dyspnea, elevation of eyes,wheezing sound on exhale,  sweating of forehead, dryness of mouth ,episode of breathlessness occur.

FIVE  TYPES OF SWASA IN AYURVEDA:

1. Maha swasa
2. Urdhwa swasa
3. China swasa
4. Tamaka swasa
5. Kshudra shwasa

PANCHKARMA PROCEDURES IN TAMAKA SWASA :

1. Snehan
2. Swedan
3. Vamana
4. Virechna
5. Vasti
6. Dhumapana

PATHYA AHAR IN TAMAK SWAS:

• Red rice
• Horse gram
• Goat milk
• Honey
• Brinjal
• Barley
• Sleeping during day time
• Garlic
• Raisins
• Cardamom

APATHYA AHARA IN TMAK SWAS:

• Fish
• Dry foods
• Food which are heavy to digest
• Contaminated water

SINGLE HERBS GOOD FOR TMAK SWAS:

• Vasa (Adhatoda vasica)
• Black pepper
• Ginger
• Cinnamon
• Katuki(picrorrhiza kurroa
• Ela (cardamom)
• Guduchi (Tinospora cardifolia)
• Amalaki (Emblica officinalis)

YOGA ASANA FOR TAMAK SWASA :

• Kapal bhati
• Pavanmuktasana
• Ardha matseyendrasana
• Setu bandhasana
• Bhujangasana
• Shavasana
• Bandhakonasana

CHANDIGARH AYURVED CENTRE MEDICATION FOR THE TREATMENT OF ASTHMA:

1. Kapha Sachet

The powder contains a mixture of herbal ingredients which are mainly made for the treatment of asthma. Their properties generally balance the vata and kapha dosha. The sachet contains ingredients like – Sitopladi churna,  Laxmi vilas ras, Godanti bhasma, etc. It is used mainly in chronic cough, whooping cough and trouble breathing. It also relieves congestion of chest, sore throat. The ingredients loosen the mucus accumulated in the chest thus making it easy to cough it out. Its main therapeutic effects appear on lungs, pleura, and airways.

Recommended Dosage – Take 1 Sachet twice a day with normal water.

2. Swas Kas Chintamani Ras:

Swas Kas Chintamani Ras is an Ayurvedic medicine in tablet form, used in the treatment of respiratory diseases. This medicine should be used under medical supervision. This medicine is most commonly used in north Indian Ayurvedic practice. These tablets are pure Ayurvedic preparatipon  which contains pure herbal ingredients like swarna bhasma, shuddha parad, shuddha gandhak, suwaranmakshik bhasma,  loha bhasma, yashtimadhu, kantakari, etc. It is used in the treatment of cough, cold, bronchitis, asthma, allergic rhinitis, allergic bronchitis.
Recommended dosage: Take 1 tablet twice daily.

3. Anu Tailam

Anu tailam is herbal and ayurvedic oil used for the nasal instillation for curing the various diseases.  It is administrated through the nasal passage to lubricate, protect and calm the mind. It includes – Sesame oil, Bael tree root, Solanum root, Cinnamon stem bark, Holostemma tuber, cardamom fruit, etc. It mainly balances the Kapha dosha and is beneficial in diseases of head, brain, face, nose, and eyes. Its use is generally recommended in chronic headache, problem of migraine, sinusitis, improves the voice, and vocal cords. Anu tailam gives effective results to asthma patients.

Recommended Dosage – Put 2-3 drops of Anu tailam in each nostril.

4. Broncho care syrup:

Broncho care is ayurvedic syrup containing ingredients such as Vasa patra (Adhatoda vasica), Kantkari (Solanum surattense), Mulethi (Glycyrrhiza glabra), Bharangi (Clerodendrum serratum), Chitrakmool (Plumbago zeylanica), Sonth (Zingiber officinale), Pippali (Piper longum), etc. It is mainly used in chronic cough, bronchitis, whooping cough, common cold, etc.
Recommended Dosage – Take 2 teaspoonful twice a day.

5. Cough Go Tablets:

These herbal tablets are beneficial in cough, cold, bronchitis, &amp; other respiratory disorders. Cough Go Tablets are ayurvedic formulation containing Sonth (Zingiber officinale), Mulethi (Glycyrrhiza glabra), Pippali (Piper longum), Kali mirch (Piper nigrum), etc. All these ingredients show antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, bronchodilator, &amp; expectorant properties.
Recommended Dosage – Take 1 tablet twice a day with normal water.

6. Kantha Sudharak Vati:

The ingredients used for the preparation of the Kantha sudharak vati are Mulethi(Glycyrrhiza glabra), Karpura (Cinnamomum camphora), Ela (Elettaria cardamomum), Lavang (Syzygium aromaticum), Javitri (Myristica fragrans), Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi).This is prepared from soothing and expectorant herbs thus relief all throat problems. It gives very effective results in chronic laryngitis, bronchitis and asthma.
Recommended Dosage– Take 2 tablets thrice a day.

Anemia is a blood disorder in which blood has reduced ability to carry oxygen due to less number of red blood cells or a reduction in amount of hemoglobin.

CAUSES OF ANAEMIA:

• Iron deficiency anemi.
• Deficiency of Vitamin B12.
• Folate deficiency.
• Chronic diseases such as cancer, rheumatoid arthritis.
• Sudden heavy blood loss.
• Lead poisoning.
• Renal failure.
• Multiple myeloma.

SYMPTOMS OF ANEMIA:

• Weakness
• Pale or yellowish skin .
• Irregular heartbeats .
• Shortness of breath.
• Cold hands and feet .
• Irregular heartbeat.
• Loss of appetite.
• Mouth ulcers.
• Muscle weakness .

TYPES OF ANEMIA:

1. Aplastic anemia: It is a condition occurs when your bone marrow cannot make new blood cells in sufficient number.
2. Iron deficiency anemia: It is caused by lack of iron. Where there are too few red cells in the body due to shortage of iron .
3. Sickle cell anemia: It is a form of inherited disorder in which RBC changes its shape and turning round flexible discs into stiff and sticky sickle cells that blocks blood flow .
4. Thalassemia: It is a genetic condition in which the production of haemoglobin is affected .
5. Vitamin deficiency anemia: It is a lack of healthy red blood cells caused by lower amount of vitamin B12 and folate .

RISK FACTORS OF  ANEMIA:

• Pre mature baby.
• Heavy menstrual cycle .
• Taking diet low in vitamin, minerals and iron.
• Family history .
• Chronic illness such as diabetes, kidney disease , heart failure .

PREVENTION OF ANEMIA:

• Taking a balanced diet .
• Drinking more water .
• Avoid exposure to chemicals .
• Proper washing of hands to avoid infection.

AYURVEDIC APPROACH OF ANEMIA:

In Ayurveda  it is compared with pandu . The pathology of anemia finds its roots in the imbalance og agni the digestive fire leads to the formation of ama .the vitiation of vata dosha caused disruption of pitta dosha .vataja ,pittaja ,kaphaja ,tridoshaja ,mrittikajanya pandu  are the types of pandu roga.

CAUSATIVE FACTORS OF PANDU ROGA :

1. Excessive consumption of salt or sour things
2. Incompatible foods
3. Sleep during day time
4. Min affected by fear,panic,anger,grief.
5. Excessive physical exercise or excessive indulgence in sex .

SIGNS OF BAD PROGNOSIS OF PANDU:

• Chronic pandu.
• Swelling all over the body.
• Constipation
• Stool with phlegm.
• Less faeces

FOOD GOOD FOR ANEMIA:

• Red meat, pork.
• Seafood
• Dark green leafy vegetables such as spinach.
• Raisin
• Apricot
• Pomegranate
• Beans

FOODS TO BE AVOID IN ANEMIA

• Tea and coffee
• Milk and some diary products.
• Food that contain tannins such as corn.
• Brown rice .

SINGLE DRUGS IN ANEMIA:

• Amalaki ( Emblica officinalis)
• Draksha
• Guduchi
• Raisin
• Musta

CHANDIGARH AYURVED CENTRE MEDICATION FOR THE TREATMENT OF ANEMIA:

1. Detox Premium Powder

These herbal sachets are prepared from ingredients such as Shankh bhasma, Sutshekhar ras, Parvalpishti, Shukta, Giloy, Kamdudha ras, Shvetparpati that gives calming effect on the stomach.

Shankh bhasma: This ayurvedic bhasma is prepared from conch shell. The bhasma shows antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antacid, digestive stimulant properties. The problems like indigestion, heartburn, acid reflux, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, etc are easily treated with it.

Sutshekhar ras: It is an ayurvedic preparation that maintains pitta dosha in the body. This ras provides effective results in abdominal pain, heartburn, nausea, fever, headache, epigastric tenderness, etc.

Parval pishti: This pishti is prepared from coral calcium processed in rose water. It provides effective results in acidity, burning sensation, headache, etc.

Shukta pishti: This pishti balances the pitta dosha in the body and removes all toxins from the body.

Giloy satv: Giloy satv possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, carminative, immunomodulator, etc properties. It eliminates the ama from body hence provide good results in acidity problem.

Kamdudha ras: This ras reduces heat, burning sensation, epigastrium tenderness, irritability, heartburn, and acidity.

Shwet parpati: It is also effective in acidity.

Recommended Dosage: Take one sachet twice daily.

2. Platfer Tablet:

Platfer Tablet Boosts platelet count and reverse the thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) associated with dengue. It decreases the peripheral platelet destruction and strengthens the host immune system. Platfer tablets also helps reduce fever (antipyretic property) and protect the liver (hepatoprotective property). This herbal combination is prepared from herbs like Papaya (Carica papaya) and Giloy (Tinospora cordifolia) which increases the platelet counts naturally. It provides good and effective results for patients. It increases the physical and mental strength of a person and builds up immunity.

Recommended Dosage: Take one tablet twice daily.

3. Power Blood Syrup:

Power Blood Syrup is 100% natural & safe prepared from various extracts of herbs. The herbs used for formulation of this syrup shows antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, and immuno-modulator properties. It is best known for purifying the blood. It helps in eliminating the toxins from blood that cause acne and blemishes. It’s a perfect herbal remedy for skin diseases like acne vulgaris, boils, skin rashes, blemishes, urticaria, and nose bleeding.

Recommended Dosage: Take 2 Teaspoon twice daily.

4. Noni capsules

These are herbo mineral and purely ayurvedic formulation. Noni is a fruit found mainly in South India which contains many health benefits. Noni fruit is known for its high level of antioxidants like beta carotene, vitamin E, vitamin C and various other minerals which help to Strengthen the immune system. People suffering from Respiratory problems may benefit from this. Noni Capsules promotes immunity, Arthritis relief, circulation of blood, energy and digestive health. It contains standard extract of Morinda Citrifo. Noni capsules have anti inflamatory properties that help reduce inflammation of the body.

Recommended Dosage: Take one capsule twice daily.

5. Kutki Capsules:

Kutki is an amazing herb of Ayurveda. Kutki means bitter. It has a cooling action, used to treat bleeding disorders like nasal bleeds, menstrual problems, etc. Also known as Bedhniya herb due to its piercing nature. CAC Kutki capsules are a pure herbal extract of Kutki herb whose main function is to balance Vata and pitta doshas. It helps in the removal of harmful toxins from the body. Kutki capsules of CAC show great results in the case of liver diseases, purify the blood, and treats respiratory disorders. It maintains the overall digestive system and useful in various diseases like abdominal distension, ascites, constipation, etc. it has anti-inflammatory properties, also reduces the stiffness of joints.

Recommended Dosage: Take one capsule twice daily.

Metabolism is the chemical reaction in the body cells that changes food into energy. The metabolism process help in growth and reproduction and help in maintaining the structure of living organisms. Two processes occur in metabolism are catabolism or anabolism. Catabolism helps in breaking down larger organic molecule into smaller molecule and releases energy. Anabolism involved in building up or synthesizing compounds from simpler substances required by cells. This process requires and store energy.

In Ayurveda it is compared with agni which means digestive fire. Enzymes, hydrochloric acid are the factors involved in digestion are termed as agni. Agni is important for metabolic physiology or pathology.  Agni determines our vitality, life force, strength, energy, clarity of mind. Agni is one of the panchmhabhuta  and is referred to as “Teja Mahabhuta. Agni keep us alive if agni extinguished a person dies. To balance agni deepan pachan drugs is used. Deepan means balancing the digestive fire and eliminate toxins from the body. Pachan means to digest, burn or neutralize ama. Almost all diseases are caused by malfunctioning of agni. When the food is not properly digested and metabolized is known as ama and the undigested food particles act like as toxins. The most important agni is Jatharagni. It is located in the stomach and duodenum area. It plays an important role in digesting food by converting into minute particles which is assimilated by body tissue and cell. Jatharagni is classified into four types.

1. Sama agni: Digestive function is proper there is no episode of acidity and constipation. It maintain equilibrium and seen in individual who have balanced dosha.
2. Vishama agni: Digestive fire is disturbed by vata dosha. Changes in vata dosha there are episodes of alternating cycles of irregular appetite, abdominal distension, variable digestion or indigestion.
3. Tikshana agni : Digestive fire is disturbed by pitta. In tikshanagni pitta and agni have same properties so that there is episodes of excessive eating.
4. Manda agni : Digestive fire is disturbed by kapha dosha in which there are poor appetite, sluggish metabolism and tendency to weight gain.

CAUSES OF IMPAIRMENT OF AGNI :

• Excessive starvation.
• Contaminated food.
• Irregular habit of eating
• Excess water intake.
• Cold food.

FUNCTION OF AGNI:

• Transformation
• Digestion, absorption, assimilation
• Tissue nutrition
• Skin color, complexion, glow
• Mental clarity.
• Intelligence, joy
• Patience and longevity.

HOW GOOD METABOLISM HELPS IN VARIOUS DISEASES:

1. OBESITY: If metabolism is high than the person burn more calories at rest or during physical activity .
2. DIABETES: Metabolism plays an important role in managing or preventing diabetes .
3. ATHEROSCLEROSIS: Alteration in metabolic enzymes carry the potential to influence plague progression or stabilization becoming potential immunometabolic modulation in atherosclerosis .
4. WILSON’S DISEASE: Copper accumulation and deficiency are reciprocally connected to lipid metabolism. It is caused by genetic loss of function of copper transporting P-type ATPase beta ,copper accumulates mainly in the liver and lipid metabolism is disregulated.
5. GAUCHER’S DISEASE: It is a type of lipid metabolism disorder.if you do not have enough of enzyme called glucocerebrosidae this causes too much of a fatty substance to build up in liver, spleen, lungs.
6. ACIDITY: Stomach acid facilitates the breakdown and absorption of nutrients essential to elimination and detoxification of stored fat tissue.

TIPS FOR MAINTAINING  AGNI AND METABOLISM:

1. Eat three healthy meals in a day.
2. Eat largest meal of the day when pitta dosha increases in body.
3. Drink ginger tea.
4. Avoid cold food items.
5. Don’t overeat.
6. Get 6-8 hour of sleep.

HERBS TO IMPROVE METABOLISM:

1. Fenugreek
2. Ginger
3. Black pepper
4. Ginseng
5. Cinnamon
6. Cumin
7. Garlic

One or both kidneys get swollen because of incomplete emptying of urinary tract is known as Hydronephrosis. This condition can be sudden or chronic, one sided or bilateral, partial or complete. It can develop anywhere in urinary tract from opening of kidneys to ureters, bladder or urethra. Hampering of any of the structure of urinary tract can cause problem in emptying the urinary system along with back up of fluid and pressure.

In Unilateral Hydronephrosis only one kidney is affected but if both the kidneys are affected then it is known as Bilateral Hydronephrosis. Individual with this condition is not provided with right treatment it can lead to permanent kidney damage or may cause kidney failure.

WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF HYDRONEPHROSIS ?

Most commonly underlying health conditions leads to development of Hydronephrosis, which includes :

• Cancer : Tumors in parts of or near the urinary tract like tumors of prostate gland, uterus, bladder etc can cause blockage which can disrupt flow of urine leading to development of Hydronephrosis.
• Urinary retention : Due to inability to empty bladder the urine may be held inside body.
• Kidney Stones : Blockage in kidney or urinary tract due to stones lodged there.
• Vesico-ureteral Reflux : Health condition in which there is back flow of urine from bladder to kidney can lead to development Hydronephrosis.
• Blood Clots : Development of blood clots in kidney or ureter.
• Nerve or muscle problems : Nerve or muscle related problems like in diabetes mellitus can affect ureters or kidney.
• Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): Due to enlargement of prostate gland in males there is blockage of urine because of pressure on urethra by the enlargement.
• Narrowing or Stricture of Urinary Tract : Narrowing of the tract due to injury, birth defects, infection or surgery.
• Utreocele : The protrusion of low part of ureter into bladder can cause Hydronephrosis.
• Uterine Prolapse : Condition in which uterus slips or sage out can cause development of Hydronephrosis.
• Pregnancy : Due to expansion of uterus there is pressure exerted on ureters which causes blockage of flow of urine.
• Cystocele : Health condition in which the wall between vagina and bladder becomes weak thus allows bladder to droop into vagina.

WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF HYDRONEPHROSIS ?

Some of  the common symptoms experienced by individual suffering from Hydronephrosis includes :

• Vomiting
• Sudden or intense pain in side or back
• Blood in urine
• Nausea
• Fever due to UTI
• Painful or frequent urination
• Malaise or weakness.

AYURVED APPROACH :

In Ayurved it can be correlated with Mutraghata. Due to intake of dry food , Suppression of natural urges etc leads to vitiation of the Doshas in body Predominantly Vata Dosha. The Vitiated doshas get mixed with Urine causing obstruction of the flow of urine.

HERBS :

• Sariva
• Bala
• Punarnava
• Gokshura
• Ikshu
• Guduchi
• Plagu

PANCHAKARMA :

• Patra pottali pind swedan
• Uttara basti
• Virechana

CHANDIGARH AYURVED CENTRE MEDICATIONS FOR HYDRONEPHROSIS

1. Gokshura Capsules:

Gokshuru capsules are pure ayurvedic medicine which is very effective in kidney disorders as it has anti-inflammatory properties that reduce the swelling of the abdomen. It also acts as diuretic which causes increased urine secretion from the body and removal of all the toxins. These capsules contain pure extract of Gokshura (Tribulus terrestris). It provides effective result in acute & chronic kidney disease, chronic renal failure, cystitis, and urethritis, nephropathy, and urinary tract infections.

Recommended Dosage: Take one capsule twice daily with normal water.

2. Kidney Care Tablet:

kidney plays an important role in keeping the whole body clean, well-fueled, strong and functioning properly. Kidney failure puts the body at risk, allowing waste to accumulate and damage the kidneys from inside. It is a good idea to do a kidney cleansing and keep a check on the health of the kidneys in your middle and old age. The toxins that buildup results in nausea or feeling sick to the stomach, lack of concentration and blood pressure changes are all symptoms of kidney failure.

Recommended Dosage: Take 2 tablets twice daily with normal water.

3. Kidney Care Churna:

The kidney care churna is prepared from herbs like Bhumiamla (Phyllanthus niruri), Manjistha (Rubia cordifolia), & Punarnava (Boerhavia diffusa). These herbs in combination show anti-inflammatory, diuretic, antioxidant, analgesic, etc properties. Kidney care churna keep all kidney function tests (serum creatinine, urea, sodium, potassium, chlorine, & uric acid), etc in normal range. The use of this churna reduces swelling in the body, remove kidney stones, deal with urinary tract infection, general weakness, & fatigue, etc related to kidney patients.

Recommended Dosage: Take 1 teaspoonful twice daily with normal water.

4. UTI Care Tablet:

UTI Care Tablets helps to treat Urinary tract infections along with the diseases related to kidney, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. This tablet contains pure herbal ingredients which are Yavakshar (Hordeum vulgare), kalmi Shora (Pottasium nitrate), Naushadar (Ammonium chloride), Swarna Gairik (Red ochre), etc. UTI Care Tablets are also beneficial in kidney stones, chronic kidney disease, renal colic, burning sensation or pain during micturition, and Hypertension.

Recommended Dosage: Take 1 tablet twice a day with normal water.

5. Detox Premium Powder:

The powder contains all the Ayurvedic herbs which strengthen the immune system of the body and prevents the various complications by potentiating immune system. The powder includes :

Parwal Pishti – Parwal pishti is prepared from Coral calcium. It is mainly used in Pitta related disorders and helpful in bleeding disorders. This pishti relieves Ama dosha and improves the digestion power. It also improves the strength and immunity.

Shukta Pishti – It is prepared from Pearl oyster shell. Shukta pishti pacifies Pitta and Kapha dosha. It is the best ant-acid and relieves the abdominal distention. Shukta pishti reduces the rashes on the arms and legs.

Giloy Satva–Giloy satva includes water-soluble extract of Giloy/Guduchi (Tinospora Cordifolia). It balances the aggravated pitta and acts as a mild-antipyretic, antacid, and immuno-modulator. It also reduces burning sensation in the hands, feet, and body.

Kamdudha Ras–According to Ayurveda principles, Kamdudha Ras has Sheeta Virya thus it is beneficial in every Pitta Roga classified in Ayurveda. It is beneficial in the symptoms like burning sensation, restlessness, bleeding tendencies, excessive thirst, and hot flashes, vomiting with yellowish or sour water.

Akik Pishti – Akik bhasma contains Silicon Dioxide and some herbal extracts derived into in during processing with Aloe vera and Rose water. It is used in General debility, Restlessness. It works well in loss of appetite, weight loss, and feeling of excessive heat in the body.

Gandhak Rasayan – Gandhak Rasayan is a great antibacterial, antiviral ayurvedic medicine. It acts as an anti-pyretic, analgesic, & blood purifier.

Sutshekhar Ras–It is an important medicine used in Ayurveda, which acts on Pitta dosha and reduces the symptoms like nausea, vomiting, fever, headache, sour taste of mouth, restlessness, etc.

Recommended Dosage– Take 1 sachet twice a day with normal water.

DEFINITION :

It is a metabolic disorder of purine metabolism. It is characterized by hyperuricaemia caused by either over production or under secreation of uric acid.

CAUSES OF GOUT :

1. REDUCED RENAL SECREATION OF URIC ACID :
2. PRIMARY CAUSES

• Idiopathic
• Familial juvenile gouty nephropathy.

1. SECONDARY CAUSES

• Down’s syndrome.
• Increased level of organic acid.
• Drug administration such as beta blockers.
• Chronic renal disease .

2. CAUSES OF INCREASED URIC ACID PRODUCTION:
3. PRIMARY CAUSES:

• Idiopathic
• Ribose 5 phosphate production.

1. SECONDARY CAUSES :

• Leukaemia
• G6PD Deficiency.

CLINICAL FEATURES :

Gout has 4 stages:

1. Asymptomatic gout:

In this stage there is no presence of symptoms.

2. Acute gout :
3. It is a painful condition that affects more than one joints.
4. Big toe, knee or ankle joint are most affected.

• Joint appear warmer and fever may be there.

1. The attack may go away in a few days but may return from time to time.
2. Itching or burning sensation.
3. Intercritical gout:
4. Loss of motion in joints.
5. Tophi below the skin around the joints.

• Joint damage.

4. Chronic tophaceous gout.

1. Tophi can be seen with deformity demonstrated in foot and hand.
2. It is characterized by massive deposition of monosodium urate monohydrate crystal in articular cartilage, synovial  membrane, tendon sheaths.

• As the tophi enlarge in size they can cause pressure symptoms.

1. It is firmly yellow in color and occasionally discharge a chalky material.

RISK FACTOR FOR GOUT:

• DIET: Eating a diet rich in red meat, sweetened with fruit sugar, Alcohol consumption can increase the level of uric acid.
• OVERWEIGHT: Your body may produce more uric acid and body takes difficult time to eliminate uric acid.
• MEDICAL CONDITION: Such as diabeties, obesity, heart and kidney diseases can increase the risk of gout.
• FAMILY HISTORY OF GOUT: if someone in our family suffering from gout there will be a great risk of developing this disease.
• AGE: It is more common in men as compare to women.

INVESTIGATION :

1. Joint fluid test.
2. Blood test.
3. X-ray imaging.

AYURVEDIC APPROACH OF GOUT:

In Ayurveda it is compared with Vata rakta in which vitiation of vata and rakta dosha. Avarana of vata is vitiated by rakta this will produce a symptom pain swelling, redness, tenderness of small joints especially thumb or great toe. Uttana vatarakta and Gambhira vatrakta are the two types of vatarakta.

ETIOLOGICAL FACTORS:

• Excess intake of salty, sour, pungent food.
• Excess consumption of alcohol.
• Incompatible food.
• Excess travelling, jumping, walking.

PANCHKARMA PROCEDURES:

• Basti
• Raktamokshana

CHANDIGARH AYURVED CENTRE MEDICATION FOR THE TREATMENT OF GOUT:

1. Pain-O-Kill Oil:

Pain o kill oil is ayurvedic and purely herbal formulation. It help to relax your muscles and muscles cramps thus relieving pain. It balances all the three doshas of your body thus maintaining proper blood circulation. It provides soothing effect to the affected area of pain. It contains various herbs like Jivanti, Musta, Usher, Bilwa, Shatavri  and Kantakari. All these herbs are natural pain relievers.

Recommended Dosage – Take 2 teaspoonfuls twice daily before meal.

2. Easy Clean Tablet:

easy clean tablet  keeps the stomach clean and removes constipation. Ayurveda states that if the stomach is not clean, then in a way, it is responsible for many diseases. So according to that, stomach cleansing is a medicine that prevents a lot of diseases. With the use of easy clean, we also get relief from gas problems. If someone has problems with gas, then the head is usually heavier than that. So the use of stomach protection gives relief from gas problem.

Recommended Dosage – Take 2 tablet twice daily with normal water.

3. Nerve up tablet:

These tablets are pure ayurvedic formulation. Nerve up tablets help in balancing the vata and kapha dosha. It acts as a nervine stimulant. It shows effective results in improving the central nervous system. It contains natural ingredients like shudha kuchala, shudha shilajeet,  praval pishti, shankh bhasma etc. It is very beneficial to relieve the swelling, tenderness, inflammation of the joints. This also helps in the treatment of joint disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, gout, sciatica, etc.

Recommended Dosage – Take 1 tablet twice daily.

4. Pain-O-kill Tablets:

As the name suggests these tablets will kill the pain naturally. The herbs present in the formation of these tablets are Ashwagandha, Hadjod, Punarnava, Nirgundi, Methi, Garlic, etc. These herbs in combination show antioxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, immuno-modulator properties. The regular use of these tablets reduce body pain and acts on its root cause.

Recommended Dosage: Take 1 tablet twice daily with normal water.

5. Uric care tablets:

Uric care tablets reduces Kapha doshas impacting high URIC ACID levels of the body and acts as a potent diuretic. It helps reduce the pain while passing urine and clear the obstruction of urine. It is also used to treat cough, oedema, asthma and various kidney problems. It contains ingredients like gokhru, imali kshar, yavakshar, kalmi shora, nausadar, swarna gairik etc. This formulation possesses hypotensive, antimicrobial, aphrodisiac and diuretic properties.

Recommended Dosage – Take 1 tablet twice daily.

DEFINITION:

Nephrolithiasis referes to the kidney stone or renal calculi. It is made up of mineral and salt depost in the kidney.

CAUSES OF NEPHROLITHIASIS:

• Consumption of less amount of water.
• Weight loss surgey
• Lack of exercise
• Eating too much fructose.
• Food which is rich in sodium or protein.
• Aerated drinks
• Medical condition such as cystinuria, renal tubular acidosis .

TYPES OF NEPHROLITHIASIS:

1. CALCIUM OXALATE:

It is most common type of kidney stone in which solid masses form in the kidney when there is high level of calcium oxalate in urine.

2. URIC ACID:

It is a type of stone in which high level of uric acid in blood and urine . This blocks passage of urine .It is red, orange or brown in color

3. STRUVITE:

It is caused by infection in upper urinary tract. They are made up from magnesium ammonium phosphate. It is a hard object that is made from chemicals in urine. It is also called triple phosphate and staghorn calculi.

4. CYSTINE:

It is a type of kidney stone which is caused by a collection of amino acids. It occurs in people with a condition called cystinuria. It forms hexagonal shaped crystal.

SYMPTOMS OF NEPHROLITHIASIS:

1. Severe, sharp pain which radiates from loin to groin region.
2. Vomiting
3. Difficulity in urination
4. Fever and chills.
5. Cloudy or foul smelling urine.
6. Muscle cramps.
7. Loss of appetite.
8. Frequency of urination.

RISK FACTORS FOR NEPHROLITHIASIS:

1. Overweight or obese.
2. Diet high in protein, sugar, sodium.
3. Dehydration
4. Diabetes
5. Urinary tract infection
6. Excessive intake of calcium, vitamin D
7. Gout disease.
8. Crohn’s disease.
9. Metabolic disorders.

INVESTIGATION:

1. Blood examination.
2. Urine examination.
3. X-ray.

AYURVEDIC  APPROACH  OF  NEPHROLITHIASIS:

In Ayurveda it is compared with ashmari when there is imbalance in the vata dosha then kapha becomes dry this will lead to kidney stones. vataja, pittaja, kaphaja, shukraja are the types of ashmari.

CAUSES IN AYURVEDA:

• Heavy exercise.
• Vidahi (spicy) food.
• Dry food.
• Nidra alpata.

GOOD HERBS FOR NEPHROLITHIASIS :

1. Pashanbheda
2. Varuna
3. Shigru
4. Punarnva
5. Shatavari
6. Gokshura
7. Shunti

PATHYA  AHARA:

1. Puran shali.
2. Takra
3. Narikela
4. Mudga yusha .

APATHYA  AHARA  AND  VIHAR :

• Dry food.
• Grain flour.
• Excesss of sexual indulgence.
• Working in sunshine.

CHANDIGARH AYURVED CENTRE MEDICATION FOR THE TREATMENT OF NEPHROLITHIASIS :

1. Gokshuru Capsules:

Gokshuru capsules are pure ayurvedic medicine which is very effective in kidney disorders as it has anti-inflammatory properties that reduce the swelling of the abdomen. It also acts as diuretic which causes increased urine secretion from the body and removal of all the toxins. These capsules contain pure extract of Gokshura (Tribulus terrestris). It provides effective result in acute & chronic kidney disease, chronic renal failure, cystitis, and urethritis, nephropathy, and urinary tract infections.

Recommended Dosage: Take one capsule twice daily with normal water.

2. Sheet Dhara:

CAC  Sheet Dhara is herbo mineral and purely ayurvedic formulation. It works on all the three doshas of body but mainly act on pitta dosha. It contains Ajwaion, Kapur (camphor) and Mint leaves that help reduce Acidity and burning sensation in chest region with its cooling effects. It relaxes your mind also maintains Blood pressure. CAC Sheet dhara help in controlling mood swings by which many women are affected nowadays. It also controls burping ,nausea and bloating.

Recommended Dosage: Take 2 tablets twice daily with normal water.

3. Kidney Care Churna:

The kidney care churna is prepared from herbs like Bhumiamla (Phyllanthus niruri), Manjistha (Rubia cordifolia), & Punarnava (Boerhavia diffusa). These herbs in combination show anti-inflammatory, diuretic, antioxidant, analgesic, etc properties. Kidney care churna keep all kidney function tests (serum creatinine, urea, sodium, potassium, chlorine, & uric acid), etc in normal range. The use of this churna reduces swelling in the body, remove kidney stones, deal with urinary tract infection, general weakness, & fatigue, etc related to kidney patients.

Recommended Dosage: Take 1 teaspoonful twice daily with normal water.

4. UTI Care Tablet:

UTI Care Tablets helps to treat Urinary tract infections along with the diseases related to kidney, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. This tablet contains pure herbal ingredients which are Yavakshar (Hordeum vulgare), kalmi Shora (Pottasium nitrate), Naushadar (Ammonium chloride), Swarna Gairik (Red ochre), etc. UTI Care Tablets are also beneficial in kidney stones, chronic kidney disease, renal colic, burning sensation or pain during micturition, and Hypertension.

Recommended Dosage: Take 1 tablet twice a day with normal water.

5. Detox Premium Powder:

The powder contains all the Ayurvedic herbs which strengthen the immune system of the body and prevents the various complications by potentiating immune system. The powder includes :

Parwal Pishti – Parwal pishti is prepared from Coral calcium. It is mainly used in Pitta related disorders and helpful in bleeding disorders. This pishti relieves Ama dosha and improves the digestion power. It also improves the strength and immunity.

Shukta Pishti – It is prepared from Pearl oyster shell. Shukta pishti pacifies Pitta and Kapha dosha. It is the best ant-acid and relieves the abdominal distention. Shukta pishti reduces the rashes on the arms and legs.

Giloy Satva–Giloy satva includes water-soluble extract of Giloy/Guduchi (Tinospora Cordifolia). It balances the aggravated pitta and acts as a mild-antipyretic, antacid, and immuno-modulator. It also reduces burning sensation in the hands, feet, and body.

Kamdudha Ras–According to Ayurveda principles, Kamdudha Ras has Sheeta Virya thus it is beneficial in every Pitta Roga classified in Ayurveda. It is beneficial in the symptoms like burning sensation, restlessness, bleeding tendencies, excessive thirst, and hot flashes, vomiting with yellowish or sour water.

Akik Pishti – Akik bhasma contains Silicon Dioxide and some herbal extracts derived into in during processing with Aloe vera and Rose water. It is used in General debility, Restlessness. It works well in loss of appetite, weight loss, and feeling of excessive heat in the body.

Gandhak Rasayan – Gandhak Rasayan is a great antibacterial, antiviral ayurvedic medicine. It acts as an anti-pyretic, analgesic, & blood purifier.

Sutshekhar Ras–It is an important medicine used in Ayurveda, which acts on Pitta dosha and reduces the symptoms like nausea, vomiting, fever, headache, sour taste of mouth, restlessness, etc.

Recommended Dosage – Take 1 sachet twice a day with normal water.

Anal fissure  is a tear  in the lining of anus or anal canal . the fissure can be painful and bleed during bowel movements .

CAUSES OF ANAL FISSURE :

• Long term constipation.
• Chronic diarrhea.
• Anal sex , anal stretching
• Insertion of Foreign items into the anus .
• Obesity
• Longstanding terrible bowel habits .
• Decreased blood flow to the anorectal area .
• Medical health problem such as Crohn’s disease ,Ulcerative colitis ,Leukaemia , STD’s such as syphilis, gonorrhea , chancroid , HIV .

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF ANAL FISSURE:

• Pain during defecation
• Foul smelling discharge .
• Hard stool
• Bright red Blood with stool or after stool
• Pricking type of pain in anus .
• Burning or itching sensation .
• Skin break that is clearly apparent around the anus .

PREVENTION OF ANAL FISSURES:

1. Eat a high fibre diet .
2. Drink plenty of fluids.
3. Wipe gently after going to toilet .
4. Exercise regularly .
5. Don’t ignore the feeling of passing stool .

RISK FACTORS:

1. Constipation : Straining during bowel movements and passing hard stools increase the risk of tearing .
2. Childbirth: It is more common in women after pregnancy.
3. Crohn’s disease : It is the inflammatory bowel disease causes chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract . It makes lining of anal canal more vulnerable to tearing .
4. Age : It can occur in any age But more common in infants and middle age people .
5. Anal intercourse

COMPLICATION OF ANAL FISSURES:

• Failure to heal : a fissure may failure to heal because of scarring or muscle of the internal anal sphincter muscle .
• Recurrence : Fissure can reoccur after a hard bowel movement or injury .
• Anal stenosis : It is narrowing of the anal canal that makes it difficult to pass stool .

AYURVEDIC APPROACH OF ANAL FISSURE:

In Ayurveda  it  is compared with parikartika in which vitiation of pitta and kapha dosha which leads to agnimandya and malasanchya which leads to vitiation of apanavayu and it will cause a disease parikartika.

DIET AND LIFESTYLE CHANGES:

• Wheat
• Green vegetables
• Avoid chillies , fried meal
• Take Sitz bath
• Avoid constant sitting .

CHANDIGARH AYURVED CENTRE MEDICATION FOR THE TREATMENT OF ANAL FISSURE:

1. Detox Premium Powder –

The powder is very beneficial to cure anal fissure as it removes excess toxins from the body and balances the aggravated pitta and vata dosha. It consists of several herbs and bhasmas such as shukta pishti, giloy satv, parwal pishti, kamdudha rasa, moti pishti, gandhak rasayan, akik pishti, etc. The ingredients help in reducing swelling, redness, shrinkage of tear lining in the anus, burning sensation, etc.

Recommended Dosage – Take 1 sachet twice daily with normal water.

2. Arsh Care Tablet –

Arsh care tablet are pure Ayurvedic formulation. These tablets contains pure extract of Reetha Chhilka (Sapindus mukorossi) purified in Cow’s milk. The herb used for formulation of these tablets show antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, laxative properties. It makes your stool soft and help prevent constipation. It is effective against bleeding piles and reduce the pain, burning sensation,irritation while defaecation, treat Fissures, Fistula.

Recommended Dosage – Take 2 tablets twice daily.

3. Piles Soft Tablet –

The symptoms of anal fissure became more severe when a patient passes a hard stool. Thus to provide relief from such condition piles soft tablets are widely used. The tablet is made up of Reetha chhilka (Sapindus mukorossi) that further purified in Cow’s milk. It acts as a laxative, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidants, etc.

Recommended Dosage – Take 2-3 tablets twice daily with normal water.

4. Triphala Syrup –

Triphala syrup is very effective as it helps in maintaining the digestive fire and prevents the formation of ama. The syrup balances the Tridosha and provides relief from itchiness, burning sensation, excessive pain, discomfort, bleeding, etc. The syrup is composed of Haritaki, Bibhitaki, and Amalaki, which further enhances the immunity of a patient.

Recommended Dosage – Take 2 teaspoonfuls twice daily.

5. Panchasakar Churna –

As the name suggested the churna is made up of five ingredients – Shunti, Haritaki, Pippali, Trivrit, and Sauvarchala lavana. The ingredients act as a Vata-Anuloman and prevent the formation of ama. It helps in eliminating excess toxins from the body and regulates all the secretions normally.

Recommended Dosage – Take 1 teaspoonful daily with lukewarm water at bed time.

6. Satadhauta Ghrutham –

Satadhauta ghrutham is an ayurvedic cream used for local application in wounds, burns, chickenpox, scars, herpes and other skin ailments. It is made up of Nyagrodh, Plaksha, Udumbara, Aswatha, etc. The ghrutham is prepared by washing 100 times purified ghee with water. As it provides instant relief in inflammation, skin irritation, burning sensation, helps in healing fissure, etc.

Method of Application – Gently apply over the affected area.

7. Stop Bleeding tablets –

Stop Bleeding tablet is a pure herbal formulation that works as an anticoagulant. It helps to stop or reduce heavy bleeding and thus reduce the excessive unwanted bleeding. These tablets have anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, anticoagulant properties. It also pacifies pitta doshas and helps in detoxification of rakta dhatu (blood tissue). The Ingredients present in these tablets are Nagkesar, Laksha , Moch ras, Swarn gairic, Kehrwa pisthri. These tablets Helps to stop bleeding from nose and mouth, used in thrombocytopenic purpura, Bleeding disorder, Heavy menstrual bleeding, Ulcerative colitis, Peptic ulcers, Wounds& cuts.

Recommended Dosage – Take 1 tablet twice daily.